As of 2010, the clouds of crisis has not yet subsided, but the recovery has been looming. At the same time, human society for energy conservation, environmental protection, but also to make new energy vehicles become the global automotive industry facing the era of proposition. As responsible media, NetEase automobile joint China Automotive Technology Research Center, J.D.POWER Asia Pacific Company jointly organized the 2010 China New Energy Automotive Development Summit Forum held in April 21 day. Around the development of China's new energy vehicles and the path of choice, from the political, academic and business circles of nearly 40 guests and 150 listeners conducted a brainstorming.
2010 China new energy vehicle development forum, Mr. Huang Yonghe, chief expert of Chinese automotive technology and Research Center delivered a keynote speech, his speech is "thinking on the policy of the development of new energy automotive industry".
The following is the record of Mr. Huang Yonghe live speech:
Huang Yonghe: distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen, good afternoon! Very pleased to participate in the 2010 China new energy automotive development forum, the organizing committee to my topic is the development of new energy vehicles, the relevant policy interpretation". However, from the current situation, some relevant policies of new energy vehicles in fact is not completely clear, so my question is "thinking of the policy", that is to say we should be the next step in which policy will take what measures to talk about my personal opinion.
I am divided into three parts: first, the new energy automotive industry is the only way to achieve low carbon development. Second, simply say what our country now has the conditions of industrialization. Third, introduce the development of new energy vehicles policy ideas.
First, in November 26th last year, the Chinese government officially announced the goal of controlling greenhouse gas emissions targets, the goal is to 2020, the unit GDP carbon dioxide emissions than in 2005 decreased by 40-45%. On this goal, the climate change conference in Copenhagen, the leaders of our country has made a corresponding commitment. This is a very important goal to guide our next step, especially in the field of transportation, energy conservation and emission reduction.
In 2008, China's car ownership reached nearly 51 million, according to estimates, in 2009 between 6200-6250 million, we say that this is the real four wheel car ownership. The data released by the Ministry of public security, including the agricultural vehicles, is the four round of agricultural vehicles. In 2009, China's oil foreign dependence has reached 51.3%, which is more than 50% from last year. According to estimates, in 2008 the domestic gasoline, diesel apparent consumption of 2.225 tons, the apparent consumption of 1.139 tons of cars, just said the car is a low speed car, including a tricycle and a part of the motorcycle. Automobile consumption proportion is 56.3%. May be and just a long data has some discrepancy, which may be based on the calculation of the foundation is not the same. Among them, the apparent consumption of automobile gasoline is 53 million 100 thousand tons, accounting for 83.7%. Automobile diesel apparent consumption of 60 million 800 thousand tons, accounting for 43.8%. From this can be seen, in general, China's total automobile consumption of gasoline and diesel consumption apparent ratio will be gradually close to 60%. The development of new energy vehicles will be the only way to develop new energy vehicles in the whole traffic area of our country, and it is also a very important and effective way to develop new energy vehicles. In order to solve the problem of low carbon development, mainly refers to the development of low carbon transportation field, we put forward a "four", which is the realization of electric cars, its main purpose is to make the new energy vehicles, especially plug-in hybrid and pure electric vehicles as a very our main objective in the development of automobile industry. Second "of" refers to the urban public transit, this means we are more clear, the general people think that the city bus is a bus, bus based. However, in fact, we mean that the meaning of large and medium-sized cities, especially the development of urban public transport, urban rail transit oriented. Only in this way can we really solve the problem of traffic congestion. Third, the freight transport of railway. That is to say the transport of bulk commodities, including some bulk cargo, such as coal, iron ore, including some commodities, should be based on rail transport, because the main reason is that the railway is 40 times than the efficiency of road transport. Finally, the railway transport to achieve electrification, electrified railway for energy-saving emission reduction, especially low carbon development, its advantages are more obvious.
1, the National 863 project driven by electric vehicle research and development has made positive progress, 863 projects total investment of about 2000000000 yuan in research funding, has formed about 1800 patents, and developed a variety of electric car, there is a part of electric vehicles like cars have begun to enter the announcement. By the end of February this year, a total of 37 companies, a total of 86 models to enter the Ministry of vehicle manufacturers to product announcements. The hybrid car a total of 11 models, hybrid commercial vehicles have 44 models, 24 pure electric commercial vehicles, 5 pure electric cars, fuel cells have two models. This watch is the main enterprise, brand name and vehicle model of the 11 car models of the announcement. This is the technical parameters and pictures of hybrid cars. This watch is the main business, brand and car models of pure electric cars.
2, we believe that the development of new energy vehicles in our country has a significant cost advantage. You can see from the table, the power battery costs, especially the cost of batteries manufactured in our country, compared with Japan, the United States and other foreign enterprises in the production of the cost of the power battery, our domestic production of power battery cost is about half of the left right of foreign enterprises. At the same time, in addition to the power battery part, the traditional energy vehicles in the engine, gearbox, a few large assembly, these aspects of our domestic some models also have obvious cost advantage.
3, I think our country has a good natural resources protection ability. According to the relevant information, China is the world's third largest reserves of lithium reserves, rare earth permanent magnet material resources are the world's first, accounting for half of the world's total reserves. At the same time, the production of rare earth products accounted for more than 90% of the world's mayor. Therefore, we believe that through so many years of relevant state departments to support enterprises, including research and development efforts, based on the above factors, we believe that China automobile industry the development of new energy vehicles is the comparative advantages.
Third, introduce the new energy vehicle development policy ideas. Before introducing the policy ideas, I first introduce the technical route of the new energy vehicles is how, just Zhang chairman has introduced the selection of our technical route. However, from the current state of several ministries of the basic guiding ideology of some policies, the development of the technical route between them is not the same. For example, the Ministry announced in June last year, the new energy automobile production and automotive products access management rules, is defined as the definition of new energy vehicles, new energy vehicles mentioned in these Rules refers to the use of non conventional vehicle fuel as a power source, or the use of conventional fuels the new vehicle power advanced technology equipment, power control and drive the vehicle, the principle of the formation of advanced technology, with the new technology and new structure of automobile. So, from this definition we can see, the Ministry of industry of new energy vehicles is included in the basic definition of hybrid electric vehicle, including pure electric vehicles, including fuel cell electric vehicles and other new energy. It also includes a super capacitor, as there are high energy storage devices such as flywheel, the use of these devices in the new energy vehicles. This is the Department of the Ministry of view.
The second is the national development and Reform Commission is currently being developed in energy conservation and new energy technology policy, the new energy vehicles have a very clear definition. First of all, is about definition of fuel-efficient cars, fuel-efficient vehicles refers to the use of integrated energy saving technology, and fuel economy to advance to the next stage of fuel economy and emission standards, has reached the domestic implementation of the national standard best car. That is to say, the energy-saving car includes some common type of hybrid power, because he uses the traditional energy. The second is about the definition of alternative fuel vehicles, refers to the use of alternative to gasoline and diesel fuel, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, alcohol ether fuel, synthetic dyes and bio fuels, fuel cars, this refers to the alternative energy. For the definition of new energy vehicles, is to refer to the use of new power systems, and the use of new energy vehicles. From the current situation, mainly including the electric driven car, the main varieties have plug-in hybrid, as well as pure electric, and fuel cell vehicles. Why do you ask this question? Due to the different understanding of the technical route, may lead to the relevant support policies will also be different. Is currently revising the automobile industry development policy process, proposed new energy vehicles refers to the use of new power system, and the use of new energy vehicles, including plug-in hybrid, pure electric and fuel cell. Energy saving car is defined, refers to the use of comprehensive energy saving technology, and comprehensive energy consumption due to the current national car restrictions, and emissions to achieve the country has been the implementation of the best national standard car. That industrial policy is likely to be defined by new energy vehicles is not the same, this led to different technical routes to the final support policy may have a very large deviation. This is mainly to give you a simple note.
As for some of the existing support for new energy vehicles or major policies to promote the development of new energy automotive industry, is now the main two policy, the first is announced at the beginning of last year the automobile industry restructuring and revitalization plan, such as carrying out the guiding ideology, to new energy vehicles as a breakthrough, strengthen independent innovation, cultivate the independent brand, create new competitive advantages, and promote the sustained, healthy and stable development of the automobile industry. This is the main guiding ideology of the revitalization plan. In the development of the target, the proposed electric vehicle production and marketing to form the scale, the transformation of existing production capacity, the formation of 500 thousand pure electric, plug-in hybrid and general type of new energy vehicle production capacity. Sales of new energy vehicles accounted for 5% of total passenger car sales, the goal is to 2011, is to revitalize the planning and implementation of the last year of three years to achieve the goal. At the same time, it was proposed that the main passenger car production enterprises should have a new energy automotive products through certification.
At this point, the first thing to note is the 500 thousand new energy automobile production capacity is not new capacity, mainly refers to the basis of the existing production capacity of transformation and adjustment, the state does not encourage new automobile production enterprises or new capacity to specialize in the production of new energy vehicles, mainly in the existing production enterprises, technology in the transformation of the existing production line, to form a new energy automobile production capacity. The main purpose is to strictly control the new automobile production enterprises, to prevent the name of the new energy vehicles around the project to invest in new car production enterprises, this is the main purpose of the planning.
Carry out key tasks inside the revitalization plan, the implementation of the new energy vehicle strategy, which involves the promotion of pure electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles and key parts of the industry, at the same time for the special engine of new energy vehicles and power module, motor and battery, which involves the management system, including its design optimization technology and the production scale and cost control technology. The establishment of the power module production system, high performance of single power battery production capacity with the formation of one billion ampere hour car, at the same time propose a development of the common type of hybrid cars and new fuel vehicles professional ability.
There are several things inside behind the policy planning policy measures, the first is just out of new energy vehicles on the definition, three policy three definitions are not the same, it will cause the fiscal policy to support the focus is not the same. For example, the revitalization plan inside the focus is to support the pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid, which is plug-in hybrid car development. In the commercial promotion, put forward to start the national energy saving and new energy vehicle demonstration project, which in January last year has begun to implement. Second, put forward to promote the private car consumption, at the beginning of this year, the State Council also announced to add to the 7 pilot city in last year's "Ten City 1000" 13 city pilot basis, five city also singled out in the pilot city for private consumption of new energy vehicles to give the corresponding fiscal policy support.
Revitalization plan requires the city people's government at or above the county level to develop planning, priority in urban public transport, including rental, highways, sanitation, postal, airport and other fields to promote the use of new energy vehicles. At the same time, it is proposed to strengthen the development of new energy vehicles related standards, such as the size of the battery standard, electrical standards, these methods are stepping up the development of. Revitalization plan also proposed to develop a long-term new energy vehicle infrastructure planning, the current planning departments are also being studied in the process of development. In the final schedule of the revitalization plan, there is a car industry technical progress and technical transformation project, there is such a table. The research and development of new energy vehicles for some special parts of it, including the basic transformation, to give special support, there are about 10 billion key financial support research and development of new energy vehicles and special parts, including the energy saving technology of conventional cars.
Second, the existing tax policy, in fact, people in this industry you are clear, that is to say the relevant tax policy for new energy vehicles only, it is for pure electric vehicles and fuel cell vehicles are exempt from consumption tax, other tax policy has not.
The third is about the "Ten City 1000" pilot and energy-saving and new energy vehicle demonstration pre fiscal subsidy policy management approach, this all the more clear, I do not do is introduced in detail.
Finally, I want to talk about some of my own views, I personally think that our country to develop new energy vehicles, especially to the development of new energy vehicles, we should first establish a complete and perfect management system of energy saving and emission reduction are the foundation of the automobile industry, or energy management system. I think it should include two aspects: first, the first is the real management system for energy conservation and emission reduction. Second, should be to support energy saving and emission reduction of the tax policy system. If there is no real fiscal policy system, it will be difficult to support the real development of our new energy automotive industry.
First of all, from the management system, from the beginning of January 1st this year, the Ministry has announced the light vehicle fuel consumption regulations management logo, that is to say from January 1st has begun to implement the relevant identity management. The total weight of 3.5 tons of passenger cars and light commercial vehicles, at the time of the sale must be consumed in the vehicle logo prominently paste for automotive fuel. Judging from the current situation, the fuel consumption of passenger cars limited standard, the first phase and the second phase is currently being implemented, the third phase of the draft has been reported, is currently being sought for the appropriate comments. In addition to passenger cars and light commercial vehicles, the standard of our center is currently commissioned by the relevant departments, is doing heavy duty commercial vehicle fuel consumption limit standards. I would like to heavy commercial vehicle fuel consumption limit standards if the official introduction, and fuel consumption related management system will become a complete system. Therefore, in this aspect of the management system, it is necessary to gradually improve.
Second, from the point of view of fiscal policy system. We suggest that we should establish a fuel consumption based tax policy and fiscal subsidy policy in the future, based on the standard of fuel consumption limits. Consider for example quantity limit value according to the index of fuel consumption, take the corresponding tax punishment policy. In terms of Taxation, as the choice of taxes, you can consider two aspects, the first is the consumption tax, the second is the car purchase tax. If the consumption tax or vehicle purchase tax and fuel consumption limits is directly linked, we think of energy-saving emission reduction, promote the production of energy-saving products for the automotive, including new energy vehicles, or to encourage consumers to use such vehicle or new energy vehicles, will have a very big role. In addition, in order to save energy or fuel consumption as one of the indicators, we should establish the corresponding subsidy policy.
Finally, for new energy vehicles, such as plug-in hybrid or pure electric vehicles, in the initial stage, give appropriate subsidies by the government, to reduce new energy vehicles and traditional car price. In this way to support the development of new energy automotive industry, it should be a direction for our future research and efforts.
